Litaba - Ke Liparamente life tse hlokang ho beoa leihlo metsing a litšila a malapeng?

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Metsi a litšila a malapeng a bolela metsi a sebelisitsoeng a hlahisoang mesebetsing ea bolulo le ea sechaba, ho kenyeletsoa le ho tsoa malapeng, lifoleteng, likolong, lipetlele le litsing tsa khoebo. Hangata a kenyelletsa metsi a litšila (mohlala, a tsoang ho hlapa, ho hlatsoetsa liaparo le lisinki tsa kichine) le metsi a matšo (mohlala, lithōle tsa ntloana), 'me a na le motsoako o rarahaneng oa lintho tse phelang, limatlafatsi, likokoana-hloko tse bakang mafu, lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng, le litšila tsa lik'hemik'hale tse bakang mafu a batho. Moroalo o phahameng oa tlhaho o tšehetsa ho ata ha libaktheria le likokoana-hloko ka potlako; haeba a sa phekoloe, a beha likotsi tse kholo - ho kenyeletsoa le phetiso ea mafu a bakoang ke metsi - ka hona a beha bophelo bo botle ba sechaba le botšepehi ba tikoloho kotsing. Phephetso ena e tebile haholo linaheng tse nang le chelete e tlase le e mahareng, moo meralo ea motheo e sa lekaneng hangata e fellang ka ho ntšoa ha metsi a litšila a sa phekoloang ka kotloloho, ho mpefatsa tšenyo ea tikoloho le moroalo oa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba. Ka lebaka leo, kalafo e matla pele ho ntšoa ha metsi e bohlokoa ho sireletsa boleng ba metsi. Leha ho le joalo, katleho ea kalafo e fapana haholo ho pholletsa le libaka: linaha tse nang le chelete e ngata ka kakaretso li sebelisa litsamaiso tsa kalafo tse tsoetseng pele, tsa mekhahlelo e mengata tse nang le tlhokomelo e thata ea taolo, ha lichaba tse ngata tse tsoelang pele li tobana le lithibelo tse tsamaellanang tsa bokhoni ba tekheniki, mehloli ea lichelete le meralo ea mekhatlo. Pele ho kalafo, tlhaloso e felletseng ea metsi a litšila—ka litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng tsa tlhahlobo—ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho rala maano a nepahetseng a kalafo, ho lekola ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso, le ho tsebisa maano a taolo ea mehloli ea metsi a thehiloeng bopaking lefatšeng ka bophara.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/online-uv-cod-bod-toc-sensor-product/

Har'a liparamente tsa bohlokoa, naetrojene ea ammonia (NH₃–N) e hloka tlhokomelo e kholo. E emela kakaretso ea ammonia e sa qhibiliheng (NH₃) le li-ion tsa ammonium (NH₄⁺), haholo-holo tse tsoang mantle a batho le lintho tse hloekisang tse nang le naetrojene. Maemo a phahameng a NH₃–N a kenya letsoho ho eutrophication, a hlohlelletsang lipalesa tsa algal tse felisang oksijene e qhibilihileng le ho senya mefuta-futa ea lintho tse phelang metsing. Ho feta moo, ammonia e sa ionized e na le chefo e matla ho litlhapi le lintho tse phelang metsing tse bonolo, e ka 'nang ea sitisa sebopeho le ts'ebetso ea tikoloho. Linaheng tse nang le chelete e ngata, NH₃–N e lula e hlahlojoa tlas'a maemo a boleng ba metsi a naha ho sebelisoa mekhoa e netefalitsoeng ea tlhahlobo (mohlala, colorimetry kapa li-electrode tse khethang ion), e nolofalletsang taolo e sebetsang ea tšilafalo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho beha leihlo likheo ho ntse ho tsoela pele libakeng tse ngata tse ntseng li tsoela pele ka lebaka la phihlello e fokolang ea lisebelisoa tse leka-lekaneng, basebetsi ba koetlisitsoeng, le mekhoa ea tlhokomelo e tsitsitseng - haholo-holo libakeng tse potlakileng tsa litoropo moo tlhahiso ea metsi a litšila e fetang nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo. Kahoo, NH₃–N e sebetsa e le sesupo sa bohlokoa sa boima ba tšilafalo le tekanyo ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho lekola kotsi ea tikoloho le katleho ea kalafo.

pH ke paramethara e 'ngoe ea motheo e hlokang tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng. E hlalosoa e le logarithm e mpe ea ts'ebetso ea ion ea hydrogen, pH e bonts'a tekanyo ea asiti-base ea metsi a litšila 'me hangata e pakeng tsa 6.5 le 8.5 mehloling ea malapeng, e susumetsoang ke sesepa, litšila tsa lijo le li-co-discharge tsa indasteri. Liphapang tse ka ntle ho sebaka sena li ka thibela lits'ebetso tsa kalafo ea baeloji (mohlala, nitrification), ho senya meralo ea motheo ea phetisetso, le ho ama biota ea metsing hampe. Nako ea sebeleTlhokomelo ea pHe nolofalletsa ntlafatso e matla ea ts'ebetso ea kalafo—joalo ka tekanyo ea lik'hemik'hale le taolo ea moea—libakeng tsa batho ba nang le chelete e ngata. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tekanyo ea pH e sa khaotseng kapa e seng teng e ntse e tloaelehile maemong a nang le mehlodi e fokolang, e tlatsetsang boleng bo sa tsitsang ba metsi a litšila. Ka hona, lintlha tse tšepahalang tsa pH ha li tšehetse feela ho latela melao ea lehae empa hape li tšehetsa lipheo tse pharaletseng tsa ts'ireletso ea metsi a tšelang meeli le litsamaiso tsa bohloeki tse mamellang boemo ba leholimo.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/new-online-phorp-meter-product/

Ho qhibiliha ha oksijene (DO) ho bohlokoa ka ho lekana, haholo-holo metsing le li-unit tsa kalafo ea aerobic. DO e bonahatsa bokhoni ba libaka tsa metsi ba ho boloka tšebetso ea likokoana-hloko tsa aerobic le ho itlhoekisa ka bohona. Maemo a tlase a DO a bontša ho fokotseha ha oksijene—hangata ho amahanngoa le mojaro o feteletseng oa lintho tse phelang—mme a ka baka maemo a hypoxia kapa anoxia a kotsi bophelong ba metsing. Le hoja DO e sa lekanyetsoe khafetsa *metsing a litšila a lapeng a tala* (ao hangata a sa aerobic), ho beha leihlo ha eona lithōleng tse phekotsoeng le metsing a ka holimo ho noka ho bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea tikoloho le tlaleho ea taolo.

Palo e ntseng e eketseha ea metsi a litšila a tsoang malapeng lefatšeng ka bophara e ekelitse litlamorao tse amanang le tikoloho le bophelo bo botle. Ho lokolloa ho sa laoleheng linōkeng, matšeng le lilibeng tsa metsi ho beha polokeho ea metsi a nooang kotsing, ho fokotsa lits'ebeletso tsa tikoloho, le ho senya tsoelo-pele e lebisang ho Sepheo sa 6 sa Nts'etsopele e Tšoarellang (Metsi a Hloekileng le Bohloeki). Ho se lekane ha ho kenngoa tšebetsong ha melao, ho amoheloa ha theknoloji le bokhoni ba ho beha leihlo ho mpefatsa liphephetso tsena le ho feta. Kahoo, tlhaloso ea metsi a litšila ea kamehla, e tloaelehileng le e emelang e etsa mokhoa oa motheo oa thibelo ea tšilafalo, tsamaiso e ikamahanyang le maemo, le puso ea metsi e lekanang.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/industrial-phorp-meter/

Ho lekanya di-parameter tse nepahetseng le tse nakong ho itshetlehile hodima disebediswa tse matla tsa tlhahlobo tse loketseng morero. Di-analyst tsa boleng ba metsi tsa sejwalejwale di fana ka ditekanyo tse nepahetseng, tse ka hlahiswang hape, le tse ka latelwang—tse nolofatsang ho etsa diqeto tse tsamaiswang ke data bakeng sa ditshebeletso tsa motlakase, balaodi le ditheo tsa dipatlisiso. Mekgwa ya ho kenya tshebetsong lefatshe ka bophara e bontsha bokgoni ba dibaka: dinaha tse nang le tjhelete e ngata di ntse di amohela di-sensor tse iketsahallang, tsa inthanete tse kopantsweng le di-platform tsa dijithale, ha ditharollo tse theko e tlase, tse nkehang habobebe le tse sa hlokeng tlhokomelo e ngata di etelletswe pele moruong o ntseng o hola. Shanghai Boqiao Instrument Co., Ltd. e fana ka pokello e felletseng ya ditifikeiti tse netefaditswengbahlahlobi ba boleng ba metsie etselitsoe ka ho khetheha ho lekola metsi a litšila malapeng. Lisebelisoa tsa bona li na le ho nepahala ho phahameng ha tekanyo, ho kenya le ho sebetsa ho nolofalitsoeng, botsitso ba nako e telele, le litšenyehelo tsa potoloho ea bophelo tse hlōlisanang—tse netefalitsoeng ka ho kenngoa ha lisebelisoa linaheng tse fetang 100. Ka ho ntšetsa pele mahlale a tlhokomelo a fumanehang habonolo, a sebelisanang, le a utloahalang a saense—le ho khothaletsa tšebelisano-'moho ea machaba mabapi le ho lumellana ha mekhoa le ho aha bokhoni—sechaba sa lefats'e se ka matlafatsa puso ea metsi a litšila, sa boloka tikoloho ea metsi a hloekileng, le ho ntšetsa pele nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng e kenyeletsang.