Taba ea Ts'ebeliso ea Tlhokomelo ea Matla a Matla Khampaneng ea Tlhahiso ea Spring

Ts'ebetsong ea kalafo ea liliba, phosphating e sebelisoa ho etsa lesela le sireletsang le thibelang kutu. Sena se kenyelletsa liliba tse qoelisang ka har'a tharollo ea phosphating e nang le li-ion tsa tšepe tse kang zinki, manganese le nickel. Ka karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale, filimi ea letsoai ea phosphate e insoluble e thehoa holim'a selemo.

Mokhoa ona o hlahisa mefuta e 'meli ea mantlha ea metsi a litšila
1. Phosphating Waste Bath Tharollo: Bate ea phosphating e hloka ho nchafatsoa nako le nako, e leng se etsang hore ho be le litšila tse ngata haholo. Lintho tse silafatsang tse ka sehloohong li kenyelletsa zinki, manganese, nickel le phosphate.
2. Phosphating Rinse Metsi: Ka mor'a phosphating, mekhahlelo e mengata ea ho hlatsoa e etsoa. Le hoja mahloriso a litšila a le tlase ho feta a bateng e sebelisitsoeng, molumo o moholo. Metsi ana a rinse a na le zinki e setseng, manganese, nickel, le phosphorus e felletseng, e leng mohloli o ka sehloohong oa metsi a litšila a phosphating litsing tsa tlhahiso ea selemo.

Kakaretso ea Kakaretso ea Litšilafatso tsa Bohlokoa:
1. Tšepe – Primary Metallic Polluant
Mohloli: Haholo-holo e tsoa ts'ebetsong ea ho khetha acid, moo tšepe ea selemo e tšoaroang ka hydrochloric kapa sulfuric acid ho tlosa iron oxide scale (mafome). Sena se fella ka ho qhibiliha ho hoholo ha li-ion tsa tšepe metsing a litšila.
Mabaka a Tlhokomelo le Taolo:
- Tšusumetso e Bonahalang: Ha e tsoa, ​​li-ion tse nang le ferrous oxidize ho li-ion tsa ferric, li etsa ferric hydroxide precipitates tse bosootho tse bakang moferefere le ho fifala ha 'mele oa metsi.
- Liphello tsa Ecological: Ferric hydroxide e bokelletsoeng e ka lula holim'a linōka, ea pupetsa likokoana-hloko le ho senya tikoloho ea metsing.
- Mathata a Meralo: Litšepe li ka lebisa ho koalang liphaephe le ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea sistimi.
- Tlhokahalo ea Kalafo: Leha e batla e le chefo e tlase, tšepe e lula e le maemong a holimo 'me e ka ntšoa hantle ka tokiso ea pH le pula. Phekolo ea pele ke ea bohlokoa ho thibela tšitiso ea lits'ebetso tse tlase.

2. Zinc le Manganese – The "Phosphating Pair"
Mehloli: Lintho tsena li tsoa ts'ebetsong ea phosphating, e leng bohlokoa bakeng sa ho matlafatsa ho hanyetsa mafome le ho khomarela ho koahela. Bahlahisi ba bangata ba selemo ba sebelisa li-zinc-kapa manganese-based phosphating solutions. Ho hlatsuoa ha metsi ka mor'a moo ho kenya zinki le li-ion tsa manganese ka metsing a litšila.
Mabaka a Tlhokomelo le Taolo:
- Chefo ea Metsing: Litšepe ka bobeli li bonts'a chefo e kholo ho litlhapi le linthong tse ling tse phelang metsing, leha e le maemong a tlase, a ama kholo, ho ikatisa le ho phela.
- Zinc: E sitisa ts'ebetso ea gill ea litlhapi, e sitisa ho phefumoloha hantle.
- Manganese: Ho pepeseha ka nako e telele ho lebisa ho bioaccumulation le litlamorao tse ka bang teng tsa neurotoxic.
- Tumellano ea Taolo: Litekanyetso tsa naha le tsa machabeng li beha meeli e tiileng holim'a zinki le manganese. Ho tlosoa ka katleho hangata ho hloka hore ho be le pula ea lik'hemik'hale ho sebelisa li-reagents tsa alkaline ho etsa li-insoluble hydroxides.

3. Nickel - Tšepe e Bohloko e Phahameng e Kotsi e Hlokang Taolo e thata
Mehloli:
- Ka tlhaho ho thepa e tala: Litšepe tse ling tsa alloy, ho kenyeletsoa tšepe e sa hloekang, li na le nickel, e qhibilihang ka har'a asiti nakong ea ho kha.
- Ts'ebetso ea kalafo ea bokaholimo: Liaparo tse ling tse khethehileng tsa electroplating kapa lik'hemik'hale li kenyelletsa metsoako ea nickel.
Mabaka a Tlhokomelo le Taolo (Bohlokoa bo Bohlokwa):
- Likotsi tsa Bophelo bo Botle le Tikoloho: Nickel le metsoako e itseng ea nickel li khetholloa e le lintho tse ka bakang kankere. Li boetse li beha likotsi ka lebaka la chefo ea tsona, thepa ea allergenic, le bokhoni ba bioaccumulation, e hlahisang litšokelo tsa nako e telele bophelong ba batho le tikolohong.
- Meeli e thata ea ho ntša metsi: Melao e kang "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" e behiloeng har'a likhahla tse tlaase ka ho fetisisa tse lumelletsoeng bakeng sa nickel (ka tloaelo ≤0.5–1.0 mg/L), e bontšang boemo ba eona ba kotsi e phahameng.
- Mathata a Phekolo: Pula e tloaelehileng ea alkaline e kanna ea se fihlelle maemo a ho latela melao; mekhoa e tsoetseng pele joalo ka chelating agents kapa sulfide precipitation hangata e hlokahala bakeng sa ho tlosa nickel ka katleho.

Ho qhalloa ka ho toba ha metsi a litšila a sa hloekisoang ho ka fella ka tšilafalo e matla le e phehellang ea tikoloho ea libaka tsa metsi le mobu. Ka hona, lihlahisoa tsohle li tlameha ho ba le kalafo e nepahetseng le liteko tse matla ho netefatsa hore li latela melao pele li lokolloa. Tlhokomelo ea nako ea 'nete setsing sa ts'ebetso e sebetsa e le mohato oa bohlokoa bakeng sa likhoebo ho phethahatsa boikarabello ba tikoloho, ho netefatsa ho lateloa ha taolo, le ho fokotsa likotsi tsa tikoloho le tsa molao.